Reduce Energy Demand By Utilising Passivhaus Technologies Engineering Essay

The Christophorus House is a multi-purpose office edifice with low energy emanations. Situated in Austria it was built in 2003, the chief intent of building for this edifice was to develop a undertaking that demonstrated the capablenesss of ecological H2O and energy supply systems. The edifice consists of 1,215 mA? work topographic point for 40 individuals. The staying edifice country is used for parking of the company ‘s autos and cellar. The edifice has a cellar, a land floor and two upper floors. The chief construction is wooden frame. Architectural Concepts of Building The chief aim of the design was to cut down energy demand by using passivhaus engineerings. Equally good that the design of the edifice will let for energy to be generated from renewable beginnings such as deep sonds. The edifice layout is round, divided into two chief subdivisions. The first subdivision is four narratives high with a glass dome in the Centre that is used to convey natural visible radiation into the chief atrium. The 2nd portion of the edifice is where the works and equipment is housed. The unit of ammunition form of the edifice enables for the usage of engineered lumber that is designed to forestall heat losingss. Due to the nature of the frame used the covering walls do non transport any weight. The form besides allows twenty-four hours light to be used this really advantageous because it makes it possible to hold deeper office infinites than if the edifice was a regular form. The steering rules of optimised ecological energy usage were the chief influence on architecture. The edifice burden of 4 narratives of an office edifice is carried by a wood construction. Round columns made out of miscellaneous natural rounded short pantss alternatively of expensive and energy devouring Multi-Layer wood. The weight of the floors is brought into the wooden construction without steel-connectors. Energy Conveying Systems Main engineering for heating Deep Sonds, Heat Pump Main engineering for chilling Water Carried Systems, Deep Sonds, Night Ventilation Air carried systems Hygienic Air Ventilation Energy distribution Heating And Cooling Panels, Floor Heating Heating System The interior decorators of this green edifice established that office edifices energy ingestion come from visible radiation, air conditioning and computing machine. The energy ingestion is driven by chiefly by two factors, foremost the figure of electronic devices used in offices and user comfort in the office edifice such as temperature, day-light, light and quality of air. The determination was to hold an energy supply system that used renewable energy beginnings and was cost effectual. As a consequence a monovalent system for both heat and chilling supply as show in the illustration below. The warming system is design decreased energy demand to passivhaus criterions, with the staying energy demand recovered from renewable beginnings such as deep sonds. The warming systems are supplied with H2O heated by a heat pump which uses H2O circulated through pipes in deep boreholes. To back up this system the warming that is required per hr to heat suites was reduced through the usage of high degree insularity and limited glazing countries accordingly cut downing heating ingestion to 15 kWh/mA? . In add-on to that infiltration losingss were reduced by planing for an air stringency of 0.6 ach at 50 Pa. the warming is supplied utilizing an air distribution system and ceiling panels in the office and seminar suites, was supplemented by underfloor warming in the atrium country. Ventilation and Cooling System In summer, chilling is provided by go arounding this H2O through the ceiling panels and heat money changers in the air supply system. Extra decrease in peak summer temperatures is achieved by utilizing high thermic mass in the inside of the edifice and night-time natural airing. However the chief chilling construct for this inactive office edifice is the application of deep sonds. The temperature of the H2O, which is lead to the water-circulated Earth heat money changer is evened out and is comparatively stable in comparing to the fluctuations in outside temperature. The office and seminar suites are each served by a balanced mechanical airing system ( see ) Figure 4 providing 2 800 mA?/h and 1 000 mA?/h severally. Each system is fitted with a rotary heat money changer with efficiencies of 78 % and 86 % severally. The seminar suites are equipped with CO2 detectors which allow the supply to be regulated to guarantee that concentration does non transcend 1 000 ppm. Extra chilling is provided at dark by natural stack airing through automatically controlled blowholes. In combination with the internal thermic mass, this aids in cut downing the chilling burden. This chilling construct is supported by a natural air flow through the atrium during the dark. The watercourse of air is the consequence of the difference in denseness of the warm interior air and the cold air outside every bit good as from the cross subdivision country of the recess and mercantile establishment gaps3.3 Passive chillingDeep sondesThe chief chilling construct for this inactive office edifice is the application of deep sonds. The temperature of the H2O, which is lead to the water-circulated Earth heat money changer is evened out and is comparatively stable in comparing to the fluctuations in outside temperature. Deep sonds are used both for the warming and cooling period. They serve as both heat beginning ( heating period ) and chilling beginning ( chilling period ) . The sonds are used as heat beginning for a heat pump ( 43 kilowatt and COP = 4.03 ) during the warming period. Heat is extracted from the land and a good temperature profile is thereby established for the summer chilling period. Figure 3 illustrates the summer and winter state of affairss in the land around the sonds. The energy supply during the winter is coupled with a extremely efficient air airing system with heat recovery. Figure 3: Summer, fall, winter and spring state of affairs for the deep sonds and the Earth environing it. The deep sonds are used as alleged â€Å" direct chilling † . This direct chilling is realised through panels, which are flown through with cold H2O and integrated in the edifice constituents. It is thereby possible to hold a chilling without the application of a compressor chilling machine. The chilling capacity of this constructs is about 25 W/mA? . Figure 4 shows the panels functioning as energy disposal. The same panels are besides applied for the warming system during the heating season. Figure 4: Heating and chilling panels, which are flown with cold H2O ( chilling period ) or warm H2O ( heating period ) , merchandise â€Å" RCS † .Night airingThis chilling construct is supported by a natural air flow through the atrium during the dark. The watercourse of air is the consequence of the difference in denseness of the warm inside air and the cold air outside every bit good as from the cross subdivision country of the recess and mercantile establishment gaps. Figure 5 shows the construct of this inactive chilling for the MIVA office edifice. Figure 5: The air watercourse from deep sonds into the edifice The airing of the office edifice is carried out with the agencies of two separated airing systems with heat recovery systems ( 78 % recovery rate and 2,800 mA?/h nominal air flow ) through a rotary motion heat money changer. The airing of the seminar remises have a 86 % heat recovery and a nominal air flow of 1,000 mA?/h.Storage massThe storage mass of the edifice is the bracing component of the room temperature. The higher the storage mass, the more even are the interior temperatures. The map of the storage mass is based on that the heat, which is gained during one twenty-four hours is stored and so released during the dark. This creates a balance in the room temperature between twenty-four hours and dark. If the storage mass is encircled by cold air during the dark, the chilling consequence can be realised during the undermentioned twenty-four hours. The cooling period at dark should be at least 5 hours to range adequate capacity to take the gained heat. The pre-requisite for an effectual thermic day-night balance is suited stuff with a high thermic conduction and good heat storage capacity ( concrete, heavy-duty walls etc. ) of the building parts foreseen for thermic storage. The upper 10 centimeter in the room are decisive for this consequence. 100 dozenss of storage mass was included in the MIVA edifice.3.5 Application of renewable energy beginningsThe undertaking included alternate ways for the coevals of the electricity demand of the pumps and ventilators. The photovoltaic system has a peak burden of 9.8 kilowatts ( from which 3.6 kWpeak was integrated in the facade and 6,2 kWpeak with an angle of 40A ° on the roof ) , see figure 6. Further, the edifice has a solar thermal system with a aggregator country of 5 mA? , which supply the edifice with domestic hot H2O. In add-on domestic hot H2O is served by 5 mA? solar aggregator. Photovoltaic aggregators on the facade and roof provide 9.8 kWpeak How energy is Used in the Building to ‘passivhaus ‘ criterions, with the staying energy demand covered every bit far as possible from renewable beginnings, while at the same time supplying residents with a high criterion of comfort. Heating tonss were minimized by the usage of a high degree of insularity and limited glazing country with the purpose of cut downing heating ingestion to 15 kWh/mA? . Infiltration losingss were reduced by planing for an air stringency of 0.6 ach at 50 Pa. Heating is supplied utilizing an air distribution system and ceiling panels in the office and seminar suites, supplemented by underfloor warming in the atrium country. The air supply system, incorporates heat recovery in the signifier of air to air heat money changers, with efficiencies in the scope 78 % to 86 % . The warming systems are supplied with H2O heated by a heat pump ( 43 kilowatt ; COP = 4 ) which uses H2O circulated through pipes in deep boreholes as its beginning ( see Figure 2 ) . In summer, chilling is provided by go arounding this H2O through the ceiling panels ( see Figure 3 ) and heat money changers in the air supply system. Extra decrease in peak summer temperatures is achieved by utilizing high thermic mass in the inside of the edifice and night-time natural airing. In add-on domestic hot H2O is served by 5 mA? solar aggregator. Photovoltaic aggregators on the facade and roof provide 9.8 kWpeak electricity. Due to dynamic simulation theoretical accounts the squad was successful in accomplishing parametric quantities of 15 kWh/mA?a and even below for the Heating Energy Figure and a Primary Energy Figure for chilling of 49 kWh/mA?a. ( maximal 80kWh/mA?a ) The solution for the warming was a heating pump with earth aggregators combined with a extremely efficient air supply system including heat recycling. For chilling in summer the system with earth aggregators works contrary. The power supply for the warming pump is compensated with a 80 mA? photovoltaik characteristic. Recycling of Water 1. The edifice has a H2O basin for roll uping the rain H2O. To keep the quality of the H2O a circulation pump is used to convey the H2O to a biological sand filter with workss. 2. Rainwater aggregator In instance of rainfall the flood of H2O from both edifice roofs will be guide over the sand filter to tank. If the maximal degree is reached, the H2O goes into a drainage cavity. 3. Grey Water The H2O from the kitchen and the bite saloon is collected individually and stored in a gray H2O armored combat vehicle. A timer brings this H2O to planted filter basins, and from there is tallies to the rain H2O aggregator. 4. Rain usage From the drain H2O pit a pump system brings the H2O to lavatories, helps irrigating the workss, a is excess supply if there is nor plenty gray H2O. The system for the lavatories includes a H2O ticker for exact public fees for H2O usage. The edifice with its 2000 mA? was finished in October 2003. Demand monitoring will assist to guarantee the quality and to farther exchange the cognition addition in that experiment. Deep sonds is when heat energy is harnessed from the H2O beneath the surface through usage of a geothermic heat pump and distributed to the edifice. The fluid is so re-warmed as it flows through the land. The procedure is reversed in chilling manner. This sustainable technique can be used for chilling and warming of houses, chilling of telecommunication patchboards, etc. The chief thought of deep sonds is to utilize the heat that is stored in the land and use it to allow heating/cooling systems in edifices The establishing costs for the full edifice composite were 1,205 EUR/mA? , without royalties. The running costs for the heat pump ( 7,5 kWh/mA?a ) and for the HVAC equipment operation ( 42 kWh/mA?a ) can be calculated in entire with an electricity monetary value of 0,12 a‚ ¬/kWh ( +20 % gross revenues revenue enhancement ) and a entire annual electricity ingestion of 108,742 kWh. This consequences in running electricity cost of 13,049 a‚ ¬ ( +20 % gross revenues revenue enhancement ) .6The decrease of the energy demand for warming and chilling was a demand to construct a sustainable and besides a cost efficient energy supply system. An optimization procedure was carried out by the planing machines and the first computations resulted in really hot indoor clime during the summer ( approx. 50A °C in exposed countries ) but instead low heating demand for the winter ( approx. 30 kWh/mA?a ) . With this as base were farther computations carried out for two mention old ages, one with an utmost hot summer and one with an utmost cold winter. This was optimised with the dynamically simulation plan TRNSYS. A thermic mass of 100 dozenss was integrated into the house, as consequences from the simulations, which showed a demand for extra storage mass. The optimization computations of the edifice considered betterments in the Uvalues of the glassy countries, a pplication of thermic constructing mass, decrease of glazed countries in the atrium ( up to 50 % ) , application of solar protection glass and heat protection glass, turning away of thermic Bridgess, decrease of infiltration, optimised illuming constructs, optimised shadowing constructs, high efficient heat recovery application, application of dark airing and optimization of all HVAC equipment.

Bunraku Theatre

Our B Bunkum Theatre performance was a very difficult project to undertake. We were put under a great deal of stress to complete and make our performance great. It was all put together In Just a few short weeks and there was a great deal of tension during rehearsals. Bunkum Is a Japanese puppet production and we made It our own. Our story was about an autistic teenage boy killing his best friend In a moment of rage and confusion. It was quite a deep story.The audience seemed very in to it and really seemed to enjoy it. At points when the narrators were yelling, the audience to a bit frightened, which was the tension we wanted the room to feel. Considering they were eighth graders, I think we did well. My role in our Bunkum performance was co-director with Varian. A director takes on a variety of jobs. We worked with the producer, actors and designers (set, costume, make-up and lighting). If something goes wrong, it is your job to fix it.For our story to take place, we had to assign m any various roles- Director, puppeteers, musicians, chanter/narrator, lighting, set design, puppet makers, props, script writer, producer and someone to cast people. All tasks were difficult and taken with great responsibility. The greatest challenge of being a director was getting people to focus and getting the right amount of effort out of them. Since we spent long hours rehearsing, people were tired and frustrated a lot, so having to yell and tell them what to do.Lots of notes were taken because actors, narrators and musicians forgot cues, tempo and the effort they had to put in so we had to tell them how to improve. It was a lot of stress because Varian and I had to find music, have a vision of what the stage should look like, tell the puppeteers how to move the puppets and the emotion they had to portray. As the director, it is your responsibility that people are on track and know what they are doing. You must be aware of what everyone Is doing and make sure they do It right.Y ou have to understand what consequences it brings if you are not able to cope with the struggle of being a director and manage all the different people Involved in the production. We were put under a great amount of pressure because we only had three weeks to prepare and somehow make everything come together. I think the fact of us being under pressure like this made us work more efficiently and benefited us in the end. We worked extremely hard for many hours a day trying our best to put together a great performance. This was a big part of our B Theatre grade and we were determined to do the best we could.We all had important roles in this and despite there being a great deal of stress, yelling and panicking, we worked well together and had fun. Being co-director, I enjoyed being in charge and in control of what should happen for the production. Having your vision of the production seen on stage is an enjoyable thing because you feel what you have suggested and contributed made the production worth watching and being a part of. It is fun to work with everyone and seeing the production played out and It makes you happy to see everyone working so hard and putting In a lot of effort, even If they are tired.I was quite satisfied with how the performance went and what I contributed to It. Seeing the performance at Its best and knowing it is finally over and you do not have to stress or work so hard at I was scared it would be a disaster, but it turned out much better than I could have hoped, all because of the amount of hard work we all did. It was difficult being a director and I think I did a good Job considering how little time we had. We all took his project very seriously and really wanted it to be great. I have definitely leaned a lot from this project.I was not aware of this great amount of stress and responsibility it was putting together a performance. Giving that this was a small performance I can only imagine what it is like to put together a high-end sh ow. I now understand the hard effort and long hours you have to put in. However, it was not Just hard work, it was also a lot of fun and Joking around. We had fun during rehearsals and you really get to know people after spending hours with them. I thoroughly enjoyed this experience and would love to do it again.

Personal Statement On Leadership Values - 1104 Words

Leadership values that I think were key to our basketball season was responsibility, teamwork, and flexibility. The coaches were responsible for drilling that into the athlete’s minds as well. It is very hard to play lightening if there is no teamwork present. The athletes were also accountable for dedication. I noted earlier that dedication was a problem in previous years, but this year athletes held themselves accountable for making it to each practice. Other values I presented were having a sense of purpose and setting goals. Not only goals for the team, but generating goals for myself. A goal I had was to pursue self-improvement in my leadership. I haven’t had very many leadership experiences so this was my time to learn and reflect upon this experience. One thing I learned was to have a listening ear. Once I took the time to stop and listen, I became more approachable and felt mindful to other’s feelings. I lead by indirect ways. I was an example to athletes on how to dress properly to practice. Jeans, a sweater, and boots are not appropriate attire for physical activity. As the season went on, most athletes got acquainted with loose and light clothing for practice. Athletes used myself as a figure to follow, in order to know what behavior was appropriate. There were times to be goofy and times to buckle down at practice. Most of the planning and organization that happened occurred during practice. All the coaches, including myself had busyShow MoreRelatedMy Personal Philosophy Of Innovation1290 Words   |  6 PagesNursing Innovation and Leadership: A Personal Philosophy To embrace the person that you are, in a time and place where everyone seems to be telling you that you should be everything but the person that you are, is a daunting but worthwhile challenge. 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Attitude can be defined as a reflection of how we feel about people, places, or things. It s an expression of like and dislikes based on the values or beliefs that an individual holds. Research suggest that attitude can be structured in terms of three component called the ABC Model: affective, behavioral, and cognitive. The affective component involves a person s feeling and emotion. For example: I hate my job. Behavioral is the action

beloved Essay - 2338 Words

Beloved Toni Morrison’s, Beloved, is a complex narrative about the love between mothers and daughters, and the agony of guilt. â€Å" It is the ultimate gesture of a loving mother. It is the outrageous claim of a slave.† These are the words, of Toni Morrison, used to describe the actions of Sethe, the central character in the novel. She, a former slave, chooses to kill her baby girl rather then let her live a life in slavery. In preventing her from the physical and emotional horrors of slavery, Sethe has put herself in to a realm of physical and emotional pain: guilt. And in understanding her guilt we can start to conceive her motivations for killing her third nameless child. A justified institution as the 19th century emerged; the†¦show more content†¦Does she do this because she is selfish or because it need not be justified? Sethe’s love is clearly displayed by sparing her daughter from a horrific life; yet, Sethe refuses to acknowledge that her show of compassion is also murder. I believe that Beloved was a vividly irregular family saga that is set in the mid-1880s in Ohio. By that time, slavery had been diminished by the Civil War, but the horrors of slavery lived within the memories of those that were subjected to it. After President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, former slaves took on a new role in American society. This role was one of more significance and self worth than in slavery, but this class of freedmen was anything but appreciated. Without the manpower of the slaves, the souths agricultural society would fail, and without the agriculture there would be little money or food in the south. The passing of the Louisiana Black Code in 1865, confirmed that whites felt as if blacks could not handle the responsibility or the rights of true citizens. Whites thought they did not deserve these rights because they were inferior to themselves and simply less than human. These restrictions were so harsh; it is, as slavery had never ended. The blacks were free, however many of the Negroes everyday rights were abolished. Section 3, of the Louisiana Black Code states â€Å"No Negro shall be permitted to rent or keep a house within said parish.† Section 9 declares that â€Å"No Negro shall sell,Show MoreRelatedToni Morrison s Beloved And Beloved1376 Words   |  6 Pagesanother surprise to the story of Beloved. The addition of character Beloved conceals whole meaning Morrison tries to conduct to the readers. So far, character Beloved is portrayed as an innocent, pure, yet egotistic girl. Beloved also presumably the incarnation of Sethe’s dead baby, whose tomb is engrav ed Beloved. Morrison offers supernatural element in the story to create mysterious and spooky atmosphere, which raise curiosity and excite readers even more. Beloved is seen as the resemblance of Sethe’sRead More Beloved Essay593 Words   |  3 Pages Beloved, like many of the other books we have read, has to deal with the theme of isolation. There was the separation of Sethe and Denver from the rest of the world. There was also, the loneliness of each main character throughout the book. There were also other areas of the book where the idea of detachment from something was obvious. People’s opinions about the house made them stay away and there was also the inner detachment of Sethe from herself. The theme that Toni Morrison had in mind whenRead More Significance of the Ghost of Beloved in Toni Morrisons Beloved1376 Words   |  6 PagesIn Beloved, Toni Morrison frequently alternates between telling stories from Sethes past, to telling events in the present. Morrison introduces Beloved, who serves as the link between Sethe and Paul Ds past at Sweet Home as slaves, and the present, living in Ohio as a free family of three: Sethe, Paul D. and Denver. The character of Beloved allows Morrison to explain the experiences and characteristics of the three characters, and how they are reactions to their pasts. Up to Beloveds arrivalRead More Character of Beloved in Toni Morrisons Beloved Essays2510 Words   |  11 PagesThe Character of Beloved in Toni Morrisons Beloved Perhaps one of the most important issues in Toni Morrisons award-winning novel Beloved is Morrisons intentional diversity of possible interpretations. However the text is looked at and analyzed, it is the variety of these multiple meanings that confounds any simple interpretation and gives the novel the complexity. The debate rages on over many topics, but one issue of central and basic importance to the understanding of the novel is definingRead More Essay on Toni Morrisons Beloved - Symbol and Symbolism in Beloved1562 Words   |  7 PagesSymbolism in Beloved  Ã‚     In the novel Beloved, the author, Toni Morrison, attempts to promote a variety of different themes and ideas by symbolizing them in minor events and situations.   This symbolism is evident throughout the entire novel and is very crucial to the understanding and analyzing of the text.   A good example of this is the ice skating scene.   Morrison uses this scene to represent the slow, but consistent, deterioration of the family living in 124 and to foreshadow the ultimateRead MoreCry, The Beloved Country994 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Harrison in Cry, The Beloved Country While a subsidiary character in Alan Paton s Cry, The Beloved Country , John Harrison offers a glimpse into the attitude of the younger generation toward the black population in South Africa, one that seeks change but isn t always willing to exert the necessary effort. Who is John Harrison? People enter our lives all the time. Some become close friends. Others are here one day and gone the next. There are some with whom we rarely speak, but when weRead MoreBeloved by Toni Morrison622 Words   |  3 Pages In the novel Beloved by Toni Morrison, Morrison has created two very powerful characters: Denver and Beloved. Denver and Beloved are sisters, but in a sense, they werent always. It used to just be Denver and her mother, Sethe, that lived together in a house. That house was passed down to them by Denvers grandmother, Baby Suggs, which was given to her by a white couple who were out to help the blacks. Sethe and Denver were very content with the way things were. Sethe had a paying job as a cookRead MoreMemory in Beloved Essay1897 Words   |  8 Pagesemotional experience. Very often it is thoughtful that this neglecting and abandoning is the best way to forget. In Toni Morrison’s novel Beloved, memory is depicted as a dangerous and deliberating faculty of human consciousness. In this novel Sethe endures the oppression of self imposed prison of memory by revising the past and death of her daughter Beloved, her mother and Baby Suggs. In Louise Erdrich’s story Love Medicine, memory of death and the past is revealed carefully among the charactersRead MoreToni Morrisons Beloved Essays1058 Words   |  5 PagesIf ignorance is bliss, then why is it human nature to uncover the truth? In Toni Morrison’s Beloved, the character Denver uses knowledge to feed her craving in hopes that it will fill the void her mother unsuccessfully tried to satisfy with the blood of the past and too little milk. To understand these truths one must accept that Beloved is a physical representation of the past, Sethe embodies the present, and Denver exemplifies the future. Throughout the novel these three characters interact onRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Beloved1615 Words   |  7 PagesIn her novel Beloved, Toni Morrison utilizes a circular narr ative to emphasize the similarities, or lack thereof, between her characters. In Philip Page’s article, â€Å"Circularity in Toni Morrison’s Beloved,† he writes, â€Å"The plot is developed through repetition and variation of one or more core-images in overlapping waves... And it is developed through... the spiraling reiteration of larger, mythical acts such as birth, death, rebirth, quest-journeys, and the formation and disintegration of families†

Antigone, by Sophocles - 1997 Words

The death of Antigone is truly a tragic episode in the Theban Plays, where she hung herself with a woven linen of her dress. By convention, her death would be characterized with feminine quality. However, Antigone, one of the few female characters in the book, possessed distinguishable female characteristics that are as remarkable as a male hero. Antigone was determined when she made up her mind to bury her brother. She was an agent of her words and took up the risks that accompanied to her deeds. Antigone was very passionate from the beginning to her death and she displayed tremendous courage when facing the death penalty. Moreover, Antigone, as a female individual, confronted bravely with the state and the authority of Creon. Throughout†¦show more content†¦Antigone was an agent of her own beliefs and she never hesitated to fulfill her obligation. â€Å"When at last it stopped,/There was the girl, screaming like an angry bird,/When it finds its nest left empty and little ones gone.† (Sophocles 137). Sophocles used a maternal image to describe how Antigone conducted the ritual of burial. Antigone was compared to a mother bird as she found out her babies were gone. This intense and explosive anger characterized the mental state of Antigone when she was burying her brother. Unlike a male who would seek for revenge, Antigone, as a female character, screamed and cursed to defend her beliefs and to protest her respect to the death. Though Antigone’s physical strength was small, her moral strength, in regard to how the living should respect the dead, was powerful. This moral strength, accompanied by her action, demonstrated Sohpocles’ perspective that women can make life happens despite they lack the physical strength of men. Antigone was courageous because she knew the penalty for disobeying the order and the forthcoming death. â€Å"And if I die for it, what happiness!† (Sophocles 128). Antigone showed tremendous courage when facing the death penalty. She knew that the enforcement of divine law is honorable and the state law cannot overrun the divine principle. The command from Creon decreed that Polynices, as a traitor of the state, cannot be buried because of his treacherous action. However, the law of heavenShow MoreRelatedAntigone By Sophocles Antigone1478 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout Antigone, Antigone is a presented as a strong woman who is both dedicated to her family and her community. That said, there is much conflict between these two dedications. In this paper, I will give examples of Antigone’s different individual responsibilities and her philosophies and explain how those conflict with the commitment that she is to have to her community and indirectly, her king. Ultimate ly, I will argue that Sophocles demonstrated his values of family, the way of the godsRead MoreSophocles Antigone By Sophocles Essay1869 Words   |  8 PagesIn Sophocles’ play Antigone, two brothers, Eteocles and Polynices fight for the thrown of Thebes. The war comes to an end when both brothers die fighting for the honor, and their uncle Creon becomes the king of Thebes. Upon his coronation, Creon issues a decree that Eteocles, the former king of Thebes, will be honored with a traditional military burial, while his brother Polynices will be â€Å"left unwept, unburied, a lovely treasure for birds that scan the field and feast to their heart’s content† (SophoclesRead MoreSophocles Antigone By Sophocles1892 Words   |  8 PagesAntigone †¢ Title: Antigone by Sophocles †¢ Genre: Play; Tragic drama †¢ Historical context: Written circa, 442 B.C.E. in Athens Greece. Performed circa, 441 B.C.A. Its literary period was classical. While Antigone was the first written of Sophocles’ three Theban plays, it was the last of the trilogy. It was performed during a time of national unrest. Sophocles was appointed to serve as a general in a military crusade against Samos. The significance of the historical events during that timeRead MoreSophocles Antigone By Sophocles1495 Words   |  6 PagesAs one of the most famous tragedies ever written, Antigone, by the Greek playwright Sophocles, has received much notoriety as well as much speculation. Set in the city of Thebes after a devastating civil war between the brothers Polyneices and Eteocles, the play begins after the brothers’ deadly struggle for the throne. Polyneices and Eteocles have already caused the undue deaths of one another, and without another man in their immediate family available, their uncle Creon trav els to Thebes to seizeRead MoreAntigone By Sophocles Antigone912 Words   |  4 PagesIn Sophocles, â€Å"Antigone† begins with the stages of grief as Antigone mourns the loss of her two brothers, Polyneikes and Eteokles, who die simultaneously in face-to-face combat in Thebes. Eteokles dies with honor fighting for the Thebesians and is honored with rituals and a proper burial. The body of Polyneikes, who attempted to burn the city of Thebes, is left for the dogs and birds to savage. Thesbesian’s law forbids anyone giving a traitor, like Polyneikes, a proper burial, for that itself isRead MoreSophocles Antigone By Sophocles964 Words   |  4 PagesIn â€Å"Antigone† by Sophocles, a famous ancient Greek tragedian, the main character, Antigone, demonstrates a prohibited action in a strict, male-dominated society. Greek civilization upheld strong values and rules that were designed to enforce orderly behavior among its people. There were state laws created by the King, Creon, and divine laws created by the Gods. Divine law was superior to the king laws, and if that rule was disrupted, eternal consequences could ruin an individual. In this societyRead MoreAntigone by Sophocles1059 Words   |  5 Pages In the book Antigone, Creon and Antigone can be considered as the tragic heroes of the play. Antigone is considered the tragic hero because of the characteristics she shows such as her ambition to defeat Creon, Creon shows more of the characteristics clearly. Creon is the king of Thebes. He is also Antigones uncle. Creon became king after a fight between Eteocles and Polyneices. One may see Creon as a harsh and controlling ruler, but he is not good nor bad because he shows signs of both like whenRead MoreSophocles Antigone By Sophocles967 Words   |  4 PagesTragedy in Antigone Antigone is one of the greatest Greek tragic plays by Sophocles. The play portrays two main characters, Antigone and Creon, who undergo tragedy in the play. Various arguments have been put forth regarding who amongst the two characters is the actual tragic hero in Sophocles’ Antigone. A number of people are for the idea that Creon qualifies since he does possess the real characteristics of what tragedy is all about, while numerous others believe that Antigone is the actual heroRead MoreAntigone By Sophocles Antigone1525 Words   |  7 Pagesneglect nothing that the gods demand† (1349-1350). Sophocles’ Antigone takes place in a trying time for the city of Thebes, when Oedipus, their king, and most of the royal family have died, and Creon has just been appointed the new king. Throughout the play, Creon tries on his power as the new ruler, and seems to believe that the gods will not be angry with some of his choices as king, even though they directly violate the di vine law. However, in Antigone, when there is a conflict between the divine lawRead MoreAntigone by Sophocles622 Words   |  3 PagesIn the playwright Antigone by Sophocles, the characters reveal their values while exposing a life lessons through their actions, dialogue, thoughts ,and effects on others. Antigone starts with two brothers, Eteocles and Polyneices, being killed at battle. Creon, the king of Thebes, declares that Eteocles’ death will be honored and Polyneices’ dishonored. He instead will lay unburied to become the food of animals. When the play opens, Antigone takes Ismene, Antigone and Ismene are sisters of the dead

Case Study for Samsung Electronics free essay sample

The cost of the application of a new tap today is 3 billion and it is difficult for SMIC with sales revenue of 365. 8 million in 2003. Samsung’s success depends on its constant technology innovation, leading to high quality products and efficient manufacturing process which will benefit Samsung with high retail prices and low cost. SMIC seems hard to get core technology from their partners unless forming a joint venture. However, cooperating with chip manufacturers in Taiwan seems more attractive for the leading technology owners. Except the technology, Samsung still enjoy unit cost advantage in raw materials, Ramp;D and depreciation. SMIC may threaten Samsung’s old generation products. However, memory chip industry is a tech-oriented industry, Samsung can still maintain its leading position because its advantage in innovation. What Samsung should concern is that the fast growing Chinese market (estimated to be the second-largest semi-conduct buyer in 2010), their global competitors may get market-entry advantages through cooperating with SMIC. 2. The low cost position. Samsung operating profit advantage over the industry composite is $2. 11 per unit, 34% from selling price and 66% from cost advantage. To SMIC, it is 1. 78 per unit, 70% from selling price and 30% from cost advantage (Exhibit 1). For the comparative cost analysis, Samsung have unit advantage over the industry composite in all the five elements. They are raw materials 36%, labor 27%, depreciation 18%, Ramp;D 3%, SGamp;A 25. 29%. Compared to SMIC, Samsung has advantages in raw material 36%, depreciation 17% and Ramp;D 25%, but has disadvantages among labor 57% and SGamp;A 48% (Exhibit 2). . 1 Analysis Samsung VS Industry Composite a. Samsung’s unit selling price advantage comes from two aspects. First, PC OEM manufacturers would pay 1% price premium to reliable suppliers. Second, Samsung can customize its products for some special use because its diverse products line to get premium. Third, Samsung has the most advanced products which can enjoy high selling price during the firs t several-month launching time. b. Samsung’s unit raw material cost advantage come from three aspects. First, the material suppliers will give maximum 5% discount to large volume buying. Second, the usage of 12-inch wafer (reduce 10% cost per chip) and 0. 11? m processing technology(80%, the highest yield rate) makes Samsung get more chips with same amount of materials. Assuming the weighted average raw material cost per chip of Samsung is 100%, the Mircon will be 134%, Indineon 116% and the Hynix 161% (Exhibit 3). c. Samsung’s unit labor’s cost may be explained by the salary differences between Samsung ($44000 per year) and the industry ($49312 per year, weighted average by production volume). Also, there are some invisible issues. Samsung provides equal and competitive corporation value, unique evaluation and promotion system and humanity warfare for their employees. These elements make Samsung more productive, so the labor cost per unit is lower. d. The reason for Samsung’s unit depreciation cost advantage per unit is similar to that of raw materials. With high processing technology (0. 11? m) to control yield rate (Samsung 80% vs Industry weighted average 59%), Samsung can produce more efficiently. So the depreciation per unit is lower. The production efficiency advantage (25%) is higher than the cost depreciation advantages (17%). That may because Samsung uses more advanced and expensive machine. e. Samsung’s advantage in unit Ramp;D cost may come from three ways. First, the competitive corporation culture drive employees to devote themselves in innovation. And the technical person works together with the manufacturing one, making the innovation process more efficient. Second, the innovation method is effective. The can use same core technology to develop different products types, such as the DDR and Rambus. Third, centralization of the Ramp;D facilities saves an average 12% fab construction costs. . Samsung’s unit SGamp;A cost advantage comes from the efficient management structure of the country reducing the general administration cost and good reputation of products reducing the sales expenses. 3. 2 Analysis Samsung VS SMIC a. Compared to the industry composite, Samsung’s profit advantage over SMIC mainly from the price realization (70%), and the cost advantage only stands for 30%. The huge price gap results from several aspects. First, the quality and reputation for SMIC is lower. Second, the technology SMIC used was one or two generation older than Samsung. Third, use the low price strategy to get the market share. Finally, SMIC using purchasing rights exchanging for technology partners, the price of product selling to their partner may be lower than the marketing price. b. The reason for Samsung’s unit material cost advantage seems similar to the one over industry composite. c. The disadvantage of labor cost is because the average salary of SMIC is only a quarter of Samsung. d. The reason for Samsung’s unit depreciation cost seems similar to the one over industry composite. The gap should be larger. However, the SMIC gets cheap loans and government support, and buy old product line from Motorola. These issues may help SMIC reduce the gap. e. Samsung’s unit Ramp;D cost advantages may be explained with SMIC’s start-up status. It usually spends a lot at the early age of innovation. To build a new fab for SMIC is more expensive than Samsung. f. The disadvantage of Samsung in unit SGamp;A may be explained by SMIC’s strategy. Now, SMIC has to manufacture the products for their technology partners. SMIC seem to focus less on marketing their brands and become an OEM factory. 3. Can Samsung retain its cost advantage? If lose, what would happen at Samsung and SMIC? In my opinion, the main drive for Samsung’s profit is its innovation, which can lead to high selling price and low manufacturing cost. The raw materials advantages may be decreased with increasing SMIC production volume and advanced manufacturing technology. The labor disadvantage is hard to say because Chinese labor cost is also rising. The depreciation advantage may be decreased by the efficiency improvement of SMIC. The Ramp;D gap may also be decreased by the development of SMIC. SAamp;G depend on to what degree SMIC want to promote their own brand. So the Samsung’s cost advantages over SMIC will be decreased in the future and even lose. However, assuming that someday Samsung loses its cost advantages, it is still very likely that Samsung is ahead of SMIC by one or two generation. Samsung still can make more profit by with higher selling prices. Even though SMIC can get government support and cheap funds, it cannot acquire the same kind of corporate culture and the centralized Ramp;D facility. By the way, SMIC cannot tolerant long time profit loses as a public company and the national security concerns may put more resource on logic chip. 4. Options and recommendations. a. Joint venture: Corporate with SMIC or other chip manufacturers in China to produce low end DRAM. Even the low end technology is attractive to China and get government support. Open the potential Chinese market and reduce cost. But it is hard to maintain the relationship with the constant requirement of technology transfer. b. OEM: License SMIC and make it as an OEM manufacture for Samsung. Transfer our low end technology to SMIC. The longer SMIC keeping the contract, the less threat. However, SMIC seems unwilling to accept this contract unless it faces profit pressure. SMIC’s ability may not reach the Samsung products requirement. . Focusing on our own business: Samsung’s core competency is constant and efficient innovation. Memory chip industry is technology-oriented and the advantage cannot be achieved in few years (Unless competitor gets breakthrough such as total substitute, which is little probability). The corporate value cannot be copied in a short time. Samsung may reallocate its resources of DRAM (profit, manufacturing capacity of old chips and Ramp;D) towards more promising flash memory business. By doing that it can still keep its leading position in memory chip industry. I recommend this option.

Lady Gaga free essay sample

â€Å"Gaga Gaga in the room† can be heard on â€Å"Starstruck†, one of the many tracks off of Lady Gaga’s debut album â€Å"The Fame†. She has always made her presence known and was always an entertainer. As a little girl, she would sing along on her mini plastic tape recorder to Michael Jackson and Cyndi Lauper hits. At age 4, she learned how to play piano by ear. By age 13, she had written her first piano ballad. She was signed by her 20th birthday and have written songs for artists such as the Pussycat Dolls. So with her writing songs for other artists, it is no surprise that she wrote all the songs on â€Å"The Fame†. â€Å"The Fame† has a mixture of different genres. When Lady Gaga ,22, was asked to describe her album she said â€Å" I marry a lot of different genres. It’s a bit retro, a bit glamorous, and you can dance to it. We will write a custom essay sample on Lady Gaga or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It’s very futuristic, very fresh, and very dramatic, sort of like theatrical pop†. Working mainly with producers Redone and Martin Kierszenbaum, â€Å"The Fame† is a well constructed dance album that is sure to get any party started. Just look at the lead single, â€Å"Just Dance†, produced by Akon and Redone and featuring Akon and Colby O’ Donis. It has lyrics that are easy to get stuck in your head and a beat that you can’t help but â€Å"Just Dance† to. Other up tempo tracks on the album leave the same effect. â€Å"Money Honey† shows her love of money and â€Å"Boys, Boys, Boys† shows her love of boys! She is very risque on â€Å" Love Game† and title track â€Å"The Fame† really shines. The song â€Å" The Fame† was also used as the theme song on the Australian version of â€Å"Make me a Supermodel†. â€Å"Paper Gangsta† and â€Å"Starstuck† gives the album it’s hip hop edge. â€Å"Starstruck† features Space Cowboy and â€Å"Elevator† rapper Flo Rida. Singles â€Å"Poker Face† and â€Å"Beautiful, Dirty, Rich† features sharp beats and very interesting lyrics. The mid tempo songs are â€Å"I Like it Rough† and â€Å"Paparazzi†. â€Å"Paparazzi† has lyrics like â€Å" follow you until you love me† and â€Å"I won’t stop until that boy is mine†. â€Å"Paparazzi† shows persistence aka stalker. The two slow songs â€Å"Eh, Eh (Nothing else to say) and â€Å"Brown Eyes† honestly should have been left off of the album and have been bonus tracks. All and all, â€Å"The Fame† is a solid album, The mid and up tempo tracks are hits and sadly the slow songs are a miss. The album is perfect for clubs and a good workout. Lady Gaga can be compared to the likes of Fergie, Gwen Stefani and Katy Perry. By this album it is totally understandable why everyone is going Gaga over Lady Gaga! Lady GaGa free essay sample Last year, I was watching the show So You Think You Can Dance when Kat Dennings introduced a performer known as Lady GaGa. At this point, I was laughing because it sounded ridiculous. But as soon as she got into the performance, the whole ambiance was sensational. From her wacky, retro wardrobe and hair do, to her dancing, she was very unique. Her voice was like a mixture of Gwen Stefani and Amy Winehouse to me. As soon as I was done listening to her sing Just Dance on that show live, I immediately ran to the computer and found the song on iTunes. A few months later, after the song was old news to me, radio stations began to play it. When I had heard it hundreds of times, people were just dipping their toes into the pool of GaGa I had been doing laps in for weeks. This Easter, I was given her CD The Fame which didnt fail to disappoint. We will write a custom essay sample on Lady GaGa or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Songs like Paparazzi, Beautiful Dirty Rich, The Fame, and Starstruck show the general obsession of the public to have their names on the screens of every television around the world. She slows it down with different songs like Brown Eyes and Eh Eh (Nothing Else I Can Say) which shows off her very different voice. The songs Paper Gangsta and Summerboy are very different and I love them! So overall, Lady GaGa, nine out of ten stars. Nine because some lyris are unneccesarily inappropriate, in songs, like LoveGame and Money Honey. But its still an album that all songs will be in your head!